The aim of this research is to analyze how Sufi discourses were formed in Khorasan and how they interacted with official religious and social discourses. To this end, prominent works such as Attar’s Conference of the Birds, Sanai’s Garden of Truth (Hadiqat al-Haqiqah), and The Maqamat of Abu Sa'id Abu'l-Khayr were selected and analyzed as representative texts of Khorasani Sufism.

According to Foucault’s discourse theory, the Sufi discourses of Khorasan functioned as forms of resistance. They employed metaphorical language, allegories, and multilayered narratives to critique dominant official discourses. These works presented truth not as a fixed and imposed concept, but as a dynamic and multifaceted phenomenon, attainable only through personal experience and spiritual journey. In particular, the story of Sheikh San’an in The Conference of the Birds exemplifies this resistance, where the main character breaks away from conventional religious frameworks in search of a deeper, inner truth beyond external teachings.

On the other hand, Barthes’ theory of the death of the author reveals how these texts, as open and polysemous works, allow for diverse interpretations by readers. This characteristic removes the author from the center of meaning and positions the reader as an active participant in the process of meaning-making.

The findings of this study suggest that Khorasani Sufi texts, through symbolic and allegorical language, operated as independent discourses apart from the dominant official narratives. These works not only hold spiritual and mystical value, but also serve as discursive acts of resistance that.